Forces analyses of Sainsbury

Forces analyses of Sainsbury J Sainsbury plc is a leading UK food retailer with interests in financial services. It consists of Sainsburys Supermarkets, Sainsburys Local, Bells Stores, Jacksons Stores and JB Beaumont, Sainsburys Online and Sainsburys Bank. The decision to diversify into convenience stores is discussed further within a Porters 5 forces analysis. Their objective is to serve customers well and thereby provide shareholders with good, sustainable financial returns. They aim to ensure all colleagues have opportunities to develop their abilities and are rewarded for their contribution to the success of the business. The companys policy is to work with all of our suppliers fairly, recognising the mutual benefit of satisfying customers needs; a concept which is considered in the Porters 5 forces analysis. They also aim to fulfill responsibilities to the communities and environments in which they operate (Sainsburys, 2008) a point which is discussed within a PESTEL analysis. Sainsburys serves 16 million customers each week in 455 supermarkets and 301 convenience stores across the country. The company employs 148,000 colleagues committed to delivering Great Food at Fair Prices. Yet more examples that can be included as a strengths in a SWOT analysis. Sainsburys sells  £6bn of British food every year, an obvious strength in a SWOT analysis. The company works closely with smaller-scale suppliers to expand local sourcing wherever possible, and has a network of over 3,500 local suppliers. In May 2006, Sainsburys launched Supply Something New, an innovative scheme to make it easier for small and medium-sized suppliers to gain access to Sainsburys and make locally produced food available to more customers (Annual Report 2007). This could be argued to be an important element in a PESTEL analysis. PESTEL analysis PESTEL analysis Political Factors Increasing globalization, presents a challenge as well as an opportunity to Sainsburys. The challenge will be to compete against unknown forces and to source the best quality/financially viable products from world over. Sainsburys can enter the markets of emerging companies through joint ventures or partnerships to explore these new markets, although it does not have any plans on the horizon to do so. The ongoing investigation of price fixing amongst the big four retailers within the UK can have some negative impact to the industry in general and Sainsburys in particular, as it is at the forefront of this allegation(Rigby 2008). Although Sainsburys is very well established among consumers, these allegations can lead to a negative public image as the consumers might feel cheated. In the UK, the Government is to decrease the rate of corporation tax from 30% to 28%, which will save big companies like Sainsburys significant sums of money (HM Treasury 2008). PESTEL analysis Economic factors The rapidly increasing global food crisis has increased food prices all over the world, which will result in rising purchasing costs for Sainsburys (economist.com 2008 [online]). This will have an impact on the margins of the organisation and might lead to passing over the cost to consumers by increasing prices of most things in the supermarket. Furthermore, rising fuel costs will have implications right throughout the supply chain of Sainsburys leading to an overall situation of increasing prices. The credit crunch can have a two way impact on Sainsburys as it also runs a financial services company with HBOS (Annual Report 2007). The credit crunch might decrease the purchasing power of consumers and though they will still buy the essentials they may be more cautious. They may also spend less on luxury items, something that has a greater profit margin for Sainsburys. As far the Sainsbury bank is concerned, the credit crunch directly affects its ability to provide credit especially as it is not an established name in the financial services industry. Stiff competition within every segment of the retail sector has lead to retailers giving a lot of incentives to the consumers (Annual Report 2007). This will affect Sainsburys as the prices have to be driven down most of the time. PESTEL analysis Social factors Nowadays there seems to be more emphasis on fresh, easy style cooking. This serves an opportunity for Sainsburys to encourage new recipes and unfussy eating. There has been a huge emphasis by the government to promote healthy eating (eatwell.gov.uk 2008 [online]), primarily due to the increasing level of obesity within the UK (department of health 2008 [online]). This has lead to many consumers to shift towards healthier food. This presents an opportunity to Sainsburys to stock up with more healthy food or create healthier foods at a cheaper price than other manufacturers so as to benefit from this new trend. PESTEL analysis Technological The Internet phenomenon seems to be ever growing within western countries. It is predicted that by 2011 online retail sales in Europe will have reached Eur263bn, with British shoppers accounting for more than a third of all revenue. The Internet accounts for 8% of global advertising spend and is growing rapidly (The Economist, 2007). If used cleverly, Sainsburys can leverage the internet to its advantage. Competitors like Tesco use their own online delivery model successfully. However, specialist delivery companies like Ocado (working in partnership with Waitrose) provide an alternative for the outsourcing of non-core work. One of the downsides of supermarket shopping is the queuing system customers often find themselves in at the checkout. Self checkout machines, employed by Asda and Tesco, can help solve this problem, especially for customers who have to queue up for very few items. Furthermore, self checkout machines could help in Sainsburys opening stores for 24 hours which might help boost sales. Although not yet popular, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Device) technology can be used for significant benefits to the supply chain of Sainsburys. If adopted, this technology will lead to less inventory for the supermarket firms leading to a leaner, more profitable organisation (directions magazine 2008 [online]). PESTEL analysis Environmental factors A lot of emphasis western companies has been on the role of big companies in reducing carbon footprint and increasing energy efficiency (Bream 2008). This is just not a backburner issue anymore and every firm will have to prove they are reducing their impact on the environment, meaning Sainsburys will have to invest more on green issues. Other important ethical issues, like sale of organic food and the ethical treatment of animals, clearly effect Sainsburys on various levels. The growing importance of such issues means that they will have to cater to those consumers as well as to consumers governed by price. This is a sensitive issue as they will have to balance their public stand on environment without losing consumers due to the increase in prices. PESTEL analysis Legal factors With ever stringent laws on food and drinks, Sainsburys will have to follow more and more packaging and labeling policies to deal with these, which will be an additional financial burden on the company. Due to its interests in financial services, there is ever more legal scrutiny in the operations of Sainsbury bank which means there is more responsibility regarding legal compliance and other risk measures. Porters 5 forces analysis Porters 5 forces analysis Competitive rivalry The retail market is extremely competitive with a very crowded market. Now, more and more companies are trying to get into non food sectors (Rigby and Killgren 2008) further intensifying the competition. Sainsburys has a market share of 14.9% in 2007, steadily increasing since its restructuring programme that started in 2004 (Annual Report 2007). This is a positive trend but it lags well behind the runaway market leader Tesco, showing that there is considerable distance to cover. Tesco, Asda, and Morrisons are the other three big supermarket chains in the UK retail sector. All of them have a different competitive advantage over their competitors. Sainsburys reach in the convenience stores makes it have a larger customer reach. Banks and building societies compete with Sainsbury bank but it is not a core business for Sainsburys. Porters 5 forces analysis Barriers for entry Barriers to entry are extremely high in the food retail market due to a number of factors. Firstly, organised retail is amongst the most sophisticated sectors within the UK and needs a lot of investment, along with significant brand development, which takes years to establish (Doyle 2002). Secondly, retail is also at an advanced stage within the UK and most of the western world, which means there is little scope for new entrants to establish themselves. Local knowledge is extremely crucial within the food retail sector, something that is difficult for foreign firms to replicate. This is corroborated by the presence of few global supermarkets within UK. Porters 5 forces analysis Threats of Substitutes The threat of substitutes in the food retail industry is a low one simply because consumers view it as a necessity, especially in the developed world and increasingly in the emerging markets. The retail market is always trying to converge and assimilate new innovations with respect to food products or alternative businesses, to make shopping an extremely pleasurable experience. This makes them extremely difficult to substitute The only major threat of substitute is an internal industry threat whereby one supermarket can lap up the business of other supermarkets. Porters 5 forces analysis Buyer power Buyer power is high in this industry simply due to the presence of so many competitors selling the same products. It is only differentiated in price and consumer loyalty and increasingly on green credentials. Moreover, the switching costs are low for consumers. As the economy goes further towards recession (ODoherty 2008) consumers needs are likely to be given more weight, increasing their power considerably. Porters 5 forces analysis Supplier power Supplier power is usually more complicated as it is difficult to categorise it. It is safe to call it a mutually dependent relationship as suppliers are in itself huge companies, like PG, Unilever, Cadbury etc. with huge brand appeal. It can be argued that if supermarkets do not sell their products consumers will shift loyalties, making suppliers very powerful. However, if the products of big companies do not reach supermarkets, their sales volumes will be affected hugely. The relationship might change depending on the situation of the big branded supplier, for example, when sales of Cadburys dairy milk increased through the successful Gorilla ad campaign (Wiggins and Urry 2007). Supplier power of smaller suppliers will not be considerable because of their sales volumes on dependence on these supermarkets. SWOT analysis SWOT Strengths Sainsburys has had thirteen straight quarters of growth showing real turnaround in its business (Rigby and Braithwaite 2008). Even for 2007 it has shown an increase of 7% in turnover and a huge 450% increase in profit after tax (Annual Report 2007). It has an extremely experienced leadership team with Justin King, its Chief Executive receiving great praise for his work in Sainsburys (timesonline.co.uk 2008 [online]). Sainsburys seems to be very well placed on green and environmental issues due to its various recent initiatives, like buying fair-trade bananas (economist.com 2008 [online]). Furthermore its help in closing down gangmaster (Taylor 2008) has had a positive effect on the public in general. It has a positive consumer brand and its liked by both green activists and consumers. It is one supermarket chain that has a clear celebrity endorsing products, leading to increased sales. With Jamie Oliver, it has been simple for Sainsburys to see uplifts in sales of specific ingredients that have been featured in ad campaigns. Apparently the supermarket had to order nine tons the equivalent of two years supply of nutmeg to meet demand when it appeared in one of Olivers hundred-plus ads (Dickinson 2008). SWOT Weakness The takeover bid by the Qataris Private equity firm last year (Arnold and Politi 2008) can have some implications as people are gravitating towards British companies and the prospect of Sainsburys being governed by a foreign firm can lead to consumers switching loyalties. Unlike Tescos expansion plan (economist.com [online] 2008), Sainsburys is not present in markets other than the UK. This can lead to trouble especially if there is some problem within food retailing in the UK or if there needs to be a source of extra growth. SWOT Opportunities Sainsburys alternative business presents a great opportunity for future growth. Its investments in property (Killgren 2008b) and a goal of  £40 million profit through its bank seem like a good strategy to pursue Online sales are a great opportunity as well, since online margins are higher and investments are not huge. SWOT Threats There needs to be continuous heavy investment in environmental and green issues without immediate benefits. The problem lies in maintaining a balance e.g. Bio-fuel is an important tool to curb global emissions and its use affects Sainsburys supply chain directly, so Sainsburys should support it. However, a spurt in bio-fuels has made corn dearer (independent.co.uk [online] 2008) affecting its prices within the UK and making Sainsburys consumers bear the brunt. Sainsburys operations are subject to a broad spectrum of regulatory requirements particularly in relation to planning, competition and environmental issues, employment, pensions and tax laws and in terms of regulations over the groups products and services. Conclusion Through this piece it can be seen through the various analyses; Porters 5 Forces, PESTEL and SWOT, that Sainsburys is an iconic British food brand, well loved by its consumers. It had been suffering but since 2004 its image, and importantly profits, have improved tremendously. However, it is not insulated to many outside risks like recession and rising material costs as highlighted in the PESTEL analysis. Although it has shown steady growth it is important for Sainsburys to go the next level by challenging Tesco, a competitor identified in the Porters 5 forces analysis, either by thinking of international expansion or on price. This in conjunction with its increasing property portfolio and alternate businesses should help in continuing the strong growth path, as well as tiding over threats (SWOT) in its external environment. References Arnold, M., and Politi, J. (2007). Rockier route to buy-out success, Financial Times, London, 7 November. Bream, R. (2008). Use less power to cut emissions, Financial Times, London, 18 April. Department of Health (2008). http:// www. dh.gov.uk/en/Publichealth/Healthimprovement/Obesity/DH_078098 [Online]. [Accessed 6th May 2008]. Dickinson, H. (2008). http:// www. kpmg.co.uk/industries/cm/r/ht.cfm#ii [Online]. [Accessed 5th May 2008]. Directions magazines (2007). http:// www. directionsmag.com/article.php?article_id=629trv=1 [Online]. [Accessed 7th May 2008]. Doyle, P. (2002). Marketing Management and Strategy 3d ed., Pearson Education. Economist (2008). http:// www. economist.com/displaystory.cfm?story_id=9358986 [Online]. [Accessed 6th May 2008]. Economist (2008). http:// www. economist.com/specialreports/displaystory.cfm?story_id=10491144 [Online]. [Accessed 6th May 2008]. Food Standards Agency (2008). http ://www. eatwell.gov.uk/ [Online]. [Accessed 3rd May 2008]. Hawkes, J. (2008). http:// business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/retailing/article3827752.ece [Online]. [Accessed 5th May 2008]. HM Treasury (2008). Budget 2008. Stability and opportunity: building a strong, sustainable future. 12 March 2008. www. hm-treasury.gov.uk [Online]. [Accessed 7th May 2008]. J Sainsbury plc (2007). Annual Report 2007. http:// www. j-sainsbury.co.uk/ar07/downloads/Sainsbury_Review_2007.pdf [Online]. [Accessed 7th May 2008]. Killgren, L. (2007). Sainsbury launches property venture, Financial Times, London, 14 November. ODoherty, J. (2008). Carrefour confident of meeting sales target, Financial Times, London, 10 January. Randerson, J. (2008). http:// www. guardian.co.uk/science/2008/mar/07/scienceofclimatechange.food [Online]. [Accessed 8th May 2008]. Rigby, E, and Killgren, L. (2008). Sainsbury buys back sites to fuel non-food growth, Financial Times, London, 27 March. Rigby, E. (2008). Sainsbury attacks scandal of price inquiry, Financial Times, London, 3 May. Rigby, E., and Braithwaite, T. (2008). Sainsbury offers relief for retailers, Financial Times, London, 10 January. Taylor, A. (2008). J Sainsbury helps close gangmaster, Financial Times, London, 17 April. The Economist (2007). The world in figures: industries. The world in 2008. p124 -126. Vallely, P. (2008). http:// www. independent.co.uk/news/world/politics/the-other-global-crisis-rush-to-biofuels-is-dri ving-up-price-of-food-808138.html [Online]. [Accessed 1st May 2008]. Wiggins, J., and Urry, M. (2007). Cadbury benefits from gorilla tactics, Financial Times, London, 11 December.

Comparing and Constrasting between northern and Italian Art

In Beneath the Lines of Historical Art: Comparing and Contrasting the Work of Northern and Italian Art Intro of Denver Art Museum Honestly, this was probably one of the best experiences of my entire life. I'm not the best person with knowledge about art but I definitely love to appreciate art more after this visit. Not only was I amazed how the exterior of the architecture was so imaginary and different but I was completely surprised; this was not what I expected. It was so awesome that they can create something so wonderful and stable! When I arrived I wasn't quite sure where I was to enter, but eventually I found the entrance.Exterior was not as amazing as what was inside of it! I do admit I was a little lost but I eventually found out where to go. I definitely like how they gave every painting, Its own space/territory. Instead of throwing every artwork into one wall, the paintings had their own room basically. And I would think everything was going to be old but everything was kep t clean and sanitized. The architect for the Interior was Like new and I never felt so comfortable. I loved every thing about this visit and will return In he future more times than once. Love It, love It!!Comparing and Contrasting influential artist and sculptures; Michelangelo, Leonardo Dad Vinci, Lorenz Gibber, Detonated, Udder, and many more. During the same time many unknown artist arisen and influenced change on the perspective of art or what the meaning of what art can be. For Instance, even a speck of light and shade can change the overall outcome between velvet and wool, copper and aluminum. As well as, a small item in a painting can briefly explain an entire paintings storyline and can help understand the artist even more. The Renaissance contributed to a variety of similarities and differences.But nowhere is this more apparent than in the similarities and differences we will find between the art of Northern Renaissance and Italian Renaissance which will be explained furth er on. Nevertheless, art work shall always be thoroughly observed otherwise it will be misinterpreted. Breathe Abeam was a Northern German Renaissance engraver (1502-1540) and he and his brother Seabed Abeam were also successful printmakers. In 1525 the brothers and a fellow artist were tried for their radical religious and political beliefs ND they were expelled from Nurturers in 1529.Eventually Breathe Abeam continued his work with portraits as the court artist to Duke William IV of Bavaria. One of the art works currently held at the Denver Art Museum Portrait of a Woman demonstrates how colors are an importance on indicating the texture and appearance of an object. By the use of how much detail is put into every little aspect in the illustration (looking closely, every crease in her wardrobe shows the woman's body structure/posture), and narrative because the indications of her gold rings on ere hands, the wardrobe can simply predict that this is an important, wealthy, German wom an during the sass.In this portrait painting, is a German Matron (a member of the House of Chad von Antibacterial), she emphasis her wealth and status by her luxuries garments and signifies her power/status by displaying a substantial posture with her hands held together. Beam's mastery of space reflects in his portraits; the colors of light and shade, enables him to represent so convincingly the rich fabrics worn by his noble subject and makes this woman look as if she was imaginary/perfect or â€Å"too good to be rue. But it's not Just the garments that the woman wears that makes this a remarkable piece of art but its how proudly she stands and how she holds her hands together. Outstanding posture can signify importance and strength because the hands are clearly illustrated in the center so the audience will notice it first. â€Å"Portrait of a Woman,† By Breathe Abeam (1 500 – 25), A German Northern Renaissance Engraver viewpoints of the artist. In the following Po rtrait of a Woman, Abeam tells, the person that is looking at this portrait, that this woman is no average women.Looking ruefully, she is against a plain wooden board background which brings out the color of her large fur collar on her silk coat, this is a clear indication of what her status is in the society; her gown has sleeves trimmed with velvet bands and her white head covering is wrapped around by a fine linen veil it seems. As well with the nice clothing, there is a noticeable Jewelry on her hands. These are several gold rings which is important because it signifies that this portrait in not about personality and characteristics but this is about the small petite materials involved in the illustration.Breathe Abeam uses the color of light and shade to contribute to the texture in his materials and the narrative of his entire piece. Many artist display discrete kinds' objects in paintings to Justify a storyline but all artists have brief similarities. So as you were to look a t a Northern Renaissance artist you can see similarities to an artist in the Italian Renaissances art piece. Vitro Carapaces was a Southern Italian painter of the Venetian school, he studied under Gentile Beeline.Little is known of his early life, but influences came from his astonishing work of the Beeline Family and Antinovel dad Messing. Vitro was regularly known for his individualism in his artwork, stated Giorgio Vassar, an early biographer of Renaissance artists. He produced many large-scale narrative wall paintings of religious subjects for the city of Venice. But a piece that stood out from the rest of his work, was a portrait off lady holding a book. In the sass Vitro illustrated the Portrait of a Lady with a Book, currently, belongs to the Denver Art Museum.This artwork not only brought out Aviator's individualism but showed that art can be useful, simple, and can tell a story to a few that understand it. The individual in this portrait may be a Tuscan poet Grammar Coors R amose, who also had her portrait painted by Aviator's teacher, Gentile Beeline. The lady in the illustration holds a book, possibly an indication that she was a writer. The woman's hairstyle and dress are typical of Venetian style. Her hair is held by a transparent net on the back of her head, and loose strands hang on either side of a face that is not beautiful or young, but reveals an average Venetian woman.She wears a simple Ackley (made out of rope it seems); the upper part of her dress is decorated with gold and lace trim and pearls. Similar to Beam's Portrait of a Woman it was not the background and colors that made the portrait interesting, but it was a small and not so noticeable item, the book in her hands. The novel signifies that the following lady could in fact possibly be a writer. This contributes to the opinion that the artist and the subject of the painting can be one and of the same because of their individualism. â€Å"Portrait of a Lady with a Book,† By Vit ro Carapaces (1500), A Southern ItalianRenaissance Painter Breathe uses light and shade to contribute to the color of his materials making his art individualism to an artwork that stays understandable for the world. Breathe and Vitro use a dull background in order to expose the important figure in the center (in this case the women), as well as, a way to notice the partially visible props. For instance, the Jewelry expresses immense characteristics of both women by using a simple item, the book and the German women's Jewelry. Despite the comparisons between the two, there remains a variety of divergences.One central difference is how both artworks derive from nature. In Breather's creation the color plays an increasingly large factor in whether this art derived from nature. In his piece, the woman's whole attire is accurately detailed, meaning â€Å"too good to be true. † In Aviator's visual the woman can be defined as â€Å"short and simple† considering the fact, visu ally, she signifies an average woman during the Renaissance. Another huge difference that may not seem visible to many but the way Venetian Woman and German women look at the audience. She looks away from the painting, as if she does not want to be seen.Or she is ashamed that she is a writer. But because of history, Women in the Italian renaissance were not quite comfortable of their amazing talents. And women in the Northern Renaissance had more comfort of showing their talents because Northern art was more acceptable to differences than of the Southern Italian Renaissance art. So looking back at the German women she seems more comfortable of a self-portrait than the Venetian Women below. This is a huge difference between Northern and Italian Renaissance Art. Attractiveness in Art is important because a small item can tell an entire narrative of an artwork.Breathe used light and shade in order to emphasize the texture of the German matron's wardrobe in order to understand that this is a wealthy woman. But Vitro manipulated an average woman living in the Italian renaissance and depicted only her stance and how she looked at the audience. Introducing a huge narrative about how women's talents were compared to women talents in the Northern Renaissance. Even though the two are derived from different areas of Europe they contribute almost identical strategies to display their narratives in order for us the audience to look in beneath the lines of Historical art.

5 Tips for Writing an Opinion Essay

At any point, you may find yourself having to  write an essay  that is based on your personal opinion about a  controversial topic. Depending on your objective, your composition could be any length—a short  letter to the editor, a medium-sized  speech, or even a long  research paper. But every piece should contain some basic steps and elements. This is how to write an opinion essay. Research Your Topic To write an effective opinion essay, you have to understand your topic inside and out. Your personal opinion should be informed and fully developed, but it doesnt stop there. Research popular counterclaims as well—in order to truly understand what you are arguing for or against, it is imperative that you understand the opposing side. Acknowledge Popular Arguments It is likely that you will be writing about a controversial topic that has been debated before. Look ​at the arguments made in the past and see how they fit in with your own opinion. How is your point of view similar to or different from those articulated by previous debaters? Has something changed between now and the time others were writing about it? If not, what does the lack of change mean? Consider an opinion essay on the topic of school uniforms: Against Uniforms: â€Å"A common complaint among students is that uniforms restrict their rights to freedom of expression. For Uniforms: â€Å"While some students feel that uniforms hinder self-expression, others believe that they ease the pressure to uphold certain standards of appearance by their peers.† Use a  Transition Statement In an opinion paper, transition statements show how your individual opinion adds to the already-made arguments; they can also suggest that those previous statements are incomplete or faulty.  Follow up with a statement that expresses your opinion: Against Uniforms: While I agree that the regulations do hamper my ability to express my individualism, I think the economic burden that uniforms bring about is a bigger concern. For Uniforms: â€Å"Theres concern about the financial pressure that requiring uniforms could bring about, but the administration has developed a program for students needing assistance.† Watch Your Tone Many students come from low-income families, and they simply dont have the resources to buy new clothing to suit the headmasters fashion whims. This statement contains a sour note. You may be passionate about your opinion, but sarcastic, derisive language only weakens your argument by making you sound unprofessional. This says enough: Many students come from low-income families, and they simply dont have the resources to buy so much new clothing. Use Supporting Evidence to Validate Your Position Although the essay is about your opinion, you have to back up your claims—factual statements will always be more impactful than pure opinion or vague comments. As you research your topic, look for information that will act as sound evidence for why your position is right. Then, sprinkle factoids throughout your opinion paper to reinforce your point of view. Your supporting statements should match the type of composition youre writing, e.g. general observations for a letter to the editor and  credible statistics for a research paper. Anecdotes from individuals involved in the issue can also provide a human aspect to your argument. Against Uniforms: The recent increase in fees has already led to a decrease in enrollment. For Uniforms: Some of my friends are excited by the prospect of uniforms because they wont have to worry about choosing an outfit every morning.

Project Management Practices Portfolio Management

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